Apparatus and process for making paper



July 4, 1933. A. E. COFRIN APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR MAKING PAPER Filed Feb. 2, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fooood) aaoooo oooo ooooooooo \OOOO QOOOOOOOOO Di DI DI III DI 0| 5 I I f I K n G u u n p I rfimmlmmij A. E. COFRIN APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR MAKING PAPER July 4, 1933.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 2, 1952 July. 4, 1933. A. E. COFRlN APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR MAKING PAPER Filed Feb. -2, 1932 4 Sheets-She t 3 3543 QWWQW" Chimney 5 The invention chines and has a NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AUSTIN E. COFRIN, F GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR MAKING PAPER Application filed February 2, 1932. Serial No. 590,505.

relates to Fourdrinier mas an object the provision of means to improve the character of the sheet of paper produced thereby.

It isa further object of the invention to provide a Fourd rinier machine having tube rolls orsubstitutes therefor so formed as to cause an improved interlacing of the fibres of the paper produced. I

It is a further object of the invention to provide a paper making machine having tube rolls or a substitute therefor so formed as to cause a side flow of the stock upon the wire rapidly reversing its direction whereby to cause an improve interlacing of the fibres of the forming s t of paper. I

It is afurther object of the invention to provide a process of promoting interlacing of fibres during formation of a sheet of paper.

Further object s of the invention will appear from the following description when read in. connection with the accompanying" drawings showing illustrative embodiments of the invention,

and wherein Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a Fourdrinier wire having a plurality of forms of the devices of the invention in place together with a plurality of conventional tube rolls interspaced between said devices;

Fig.2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the structure of Fig. 1 with the wire omitted;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of one pair of a form of bars for carrying out the objects of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of one of the bars of Fig. 3;

Fig.

5 is a Section on Fig. 6 is an end vlew of a modlfied form line 55 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a plan View of a further modificag tion Fig. away Fig. 9 is an end View ofFig. 7;

' Fig. 10 is :1 10-10 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 1s a p 8 is a side elevation partly broken of the structure of Fig.7

of one of the devices transverse section on line lan view of a pair of tube ly of still further modified forms of tube roll substitutes of the invention.

- In Fig. 1 there is shown a Fourdrlmer wire 85 passing about a breast roll 21 and a couch roll 22, a slice being shown at 23 and an apron at 24. There are shown in this figure end views of a plurality of devices of different form each embodying features of the invention. At 25 are shown devices made in accordance' with the modification of Figs. 3, 4, and 5; at 26 there is shown a plurality oftube rolls of the nature shown in Figs. 11 and 12; at 27 avfurther plurality of bars 25 stationarily mounted; at; 28, a pair of conventional tube rolls; at 29, a plurality of bars of the character illustrated in Figs. 7 to portions 31 separated by recessed portions 32 and as indicated by the pair of Fig. 3 succes- 35 s1ve bars have their raised portions and recesses staggered with respect to the corresponding portions of the preceding bar in the travel of the wire. While we have shown in Fig. 2 alternate bars with their raised and recessed portions staggered, it will be under stood that the objects of the invention may be achieved by a succession of bars having their raised portions and recesses in alignment followed by a further succession of 05 bars having these portions staggered with respect to the first named succession of bars;

The object of the raised and recessed portrons is to provide aside flow of the mater1al upon the wire, which flow rapidly changes in direction as the wire travels over the bars. llhe raised portions either contact with the wire orapproach very closely thereto .in such a manner that their sharp angled edges 33 scrape the film of water off from the lower surface of the wire after the manner provided by my former Patent No. 1,623,526 dated April 5 1927.

The water in the stock upon the surface of the wire traveling over the bars will be impeded in its flow through the wire during the time it is in contact with raised portions 31 but will be unimpeded upon the portions over the recesses 32. There will therefore result a side flow of the stock, which flow will be reversed in direction when the portion of the wire in question passes over a successive bar having its raised and depressed portions staggered with respect to the portion already considered. This side flow will break up the tendency to a parallel relation of the fibres in the stock and cause an efi'ective interlacing thereof, thus producing a superior quality. of paper sheet by providing a more thorough felting of the fibres.

The form of bar shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 7-10 inclusive has a longitudinal recess at 34 in accordance with the invention described and claimed in my Patent No. 1,826,735 dated October 13, 1931 provided for the purpose there indicated.

In Fig. 6 is shown a bar having the raised and depressed portions 31 and 32 but without the recess 34 illustrated in Fig. 5. In both ofthese forms a box girder 35 is indicated asa "support for the bar.

In theform of Figs. 7-10 inclusive, the box 36 supporting the bars is provided with a. suction connection 37 and the raised por tions 31 of the bars areform'ed with suction openings 38 whereby' a suction is applied upon the portion of the wire passing over the said raised portions.

In the form of the invention of Figs. 11 and 12 a tube roll is formed with ribs 39 and depressed portions 40, the ribs and depressed portions in successive rolls or in successive pairs of rolls being staggered in accordance with the principle already explained.

In Figs. 13 and 14 a bar 41 of greater extent in the direction of the wire is indicated hav ing buttons 42 upon its surface spaced apart to provide the raised and depressed portions for the purpose of carrying out the objects of the invention and by the arrangement of successive rows of buttons transverse to the emons relation of the raised and depressed portions of the bars. A like effect may be produced by the expedient shown at the left of Fig. 2 wherein a shaft 47 is provided having eccentrics 48 mounted thereon, each eccentric through a suitable link and connecting rod 49 being connected to a bar 25, or to a roller 29 through collar and flange 50, to cause longitudinal movement of the bars, the movement of successive bars being preferably in opposite directions at any given time. By thus reciprocating the bars the efiect of the staggered relation already described may be achieved since the staggered relation still exists but is constantly reversed.

Experience with the invention indicates that 'a width of the raised portions of substantially one inch and of the depressed portions therebetween pf a likewidth, and a height of raised portions above -the depressions of substantially three-sixteenths of an inch provides excellent results and these dimensions are at present preferred. Thainvention however is not limited to any definite dimensions so long as the width of the raised portions and depressions is substantial in order to produce the side flow efi'ect desired. Former "attempts to achieve the objects of the invention have been directed largely to means for providing a movement of the wire itself and to this end shakers have been applied to the wire to attempt to break up the arrangement of the fibres of the stock in the direction parallel to the travel of the wire. Due to the inertia of the stock these attempts are believed to have been largely ineffective as the wire tends merely to move llitl under the film without transferring an important amount. of motion to the film itself. The present invention is the first structure of which I am-awaye which seeks to cause actual flow of the material laterally upon the wire while. it is traveling. longitudinally at or near the speed of the wire itself, and in practice the objects of the invention are found to be very eificiently achieved.

For purposes of illustration 1 have shown a plurality of combinations of difi'erent modifications of the invention in Figs. 1 and 2. It will be understood however that ill of the devices used in any one machine may be alike or that any other combination than that illustrated or combination of the devices of the invention with conventional tube rolls -may be utilized in accordance with the character of paper to be produced, the speed at which the wire is to be run, and other conditions indicated by the experience of the paper manufacturer. Such and other minor changes may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Iclaim:

1. In a paper making machine, in combination with a Fourdrinier Wire, a comb-like structure precipitating seepage from the lower surface of the wire as a substitute for a conventional tube roll.

2. In a paper making machine, in combination with a Fourdrinier wire, a plurality of spaced comb-like structures precipitating seepage from the lower surface of the wire as a substitute for conventional tube rolls, the projecting portions of certain of said structures staggered with respect to preceding and/or succeeding like portions upon 7 other of said structures.

3. A paper making machine comprising, in combination, a Fourdrinier Wire, means to control seepage through said wire to produce areas of free seepage interspersed transversely of the wire with areas of impeded seepage and means to rapidly reverse the seepage characteristics of each of said areas as the wire travels whereby to effect an interlacing of the pulp fibres.

4. A paper making machine comprising, in combination, a member extending transversely below the wire, spaced means carried by said member to remove seepage from said.

wire and acting to interfere with the act of seepage interspersed with areas above said member of unimpeded seepage.

5. A papermaking machine comprising, in combination, a Fourdrinier wire, spaced means below the wire to remove seepage from spaced areas of the wire, said means interfering with the act of seepage, seepage between said areas being free whereby to cause lateral flow of stock in both lateral directions over said first named areas and means to cause the directions of said lateral flow to rapidly alternate during travel of the Wire.

6. In a paper making machine, in combination, a Fourdrinier wire, means coacting with said wire as a substitute for a conventional tube roll, said means bearing raised portions in its length closely approaching the wire alternating with portions spaced from the wire whereby to cause lateral flow of the stock on the wire.

7. In a paper making machine, in combination, a Fourdrinier wire, means coacting with the wire as a substitute for conventional tube rolls comprising a plurality of spaced portions approaching thewire within the thickness of the layers of seepage upon wire as a substitute for a conventional tube roll, sald bar formed w1th raised portions approaching the wire to within the thickness of the layer of seepage on the lower surface thereof alternating with depressed portions spaced below said thickness, said portions being of substantial width transversely of the wire.

9. The combination of claim 8 utilizing a plurality of said bars, the raised and depressed portions of certain of said bars alternating with like portions of preceding and/or succeeding bars, longitudinally of the wlre.

10. In a paper making machine, in combination, a Fourdrinier wire, means coacting with said wire as a substitute for a conventional tube roll, said means bearing raised portions in its length closely approaching the wire alternating with portions spaced from the wire whereby to cause lateral flow of the stock on the wire, and means to reciprocate said means.

11. In a paper making machine, in combination, a Fourdrinier wire, means coacting portions approaching the wire within the thickness of the layers of seepage upon the lower surface thereof separated by depressed portions spaced from said layer, and means whereby areas of lateral flow of stock 011 the wire caused by variation of resistance to seepage by said raised and depressed portions are shifted transversely of the wire as it travels, a suction box associated with said bar and suction passages communicating with the interior of said box and opening through said raised portions.

12. A tube roll comprising a cylindrical member, a plurality of spaced peripheral portions on said member of such a width as to interfere with seepage through a Fourdrinier wire while in contact therewith alternating with peripheral portions of less diameter to be out of contact with the wire so as to provide unobstructed seepage through the portion of a wire over said last named portions.

13. A bar as a substitute for a conventional tube roll comprising a supporting portion of substantial width, a plurality of elements carried by said support projecting from its surface into a common plane, said elements be ing spaced longitudinally and transversely of the support.

14. A bar as a substitute for a conventional tube roll comprising a supporting portion of substantial width, a plurality of elements aligned in rows longitudinally of the support in spaced relation, the elements of adjacent rows in staggered position.

15. The process of making paper which comprises supplying paper stock to a moving permeable carrier, causing the stock to flow laterally of the carrier as it moves longitudinally therewith and causing changes in the direction of said lateral fiow in the course of the longitudinal movement with the carrier to promote interlacing of fibres during formation of the sheet.

16. The process of making paper which comprises supplying paper stock to a moving permeable carrier and causing lateral movement of the stock on the carrier from a plurality of areas transversely of the carrier toward areas interspersed with the first named areas to promote interlacing of the fibres during formation of a sheet,

em pee 17. The process of making paper which comprises supplying paper stock to a moving permeable carrier, causing lateral movement of the stock on the carrier from a plurality of areas transversely of the carrier toward of a sheet. I

AUSTIN E. COFRTN. 

